Lightning discharge may occur between or within clouds, or between clouds to the ground. In addition, the internal surge caused by the use of many large capacity electrical equipment, the impact on the power supply system (China low-voltage power supply system standard: AC50Hz220/380V) and electrical equipment, as well as the protection against lightning and surge, has become the focus of attention.
A lightning discharge between a cloud and the ground, consisting of one or more separate flashes of lightning, each carrying a number of currents of very high amplitude and of very short duration. A typical lightning discharge will consist of two or three lightning strikes, each about one-twentieth of a second apart. Most lightning currents fall in the 10,000 to 100,000 amperes range, and their duration is generally less than 100 microseconds.
Due to the use of large capacity equipment and frequency conversion equipment inside the power supply system, the internal surge problem is becoming more and more serious. We attribute this to the effect of transient overvoltage (TVS). Any electrical equipment has an allowable range of power supply voltage. Sometimes even a narrow overvoltage shock can cause power or total damage to equipment. Transient overvoltage (TVS) failure is just that. Especially for sensitive microelectronic equipment, sometimes a small surge impact can cause fatal damage.